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The Software and Systems Engineering Experts​
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Two engineers seen from behind with laptops at a patient monitor on a test bench in a medical device lab
Medical Devices & Life Sciences Risk to verified design
Design history from the tools · risk to test, one record

Home · Solutions · Medical Devices & Life Sciences

Solutions · Medical Devices & Life Sciences

Medical device software with audit‑ready design controls

IEC 62304 and ISO 14971 evidence from one connected IBM Engineering Lifecycle Management toolchain, set up by consultants who work with medical device and life sciences teams.

The medical devices and life sciences sector

Medical devices are defined in software

The sector covers device manufacturers, diagnostics and life sciences companies, and the suppliers of electronics, components and software behind them. Products range from infusion pumps and patient monitors to diagnostic systems and standalone software, and each one is placed on the market under the EU MDR or IVDR, FDA rules or both.

More and more of what a device does is defined in software. Every function has to be shown to be safe and effective before release, with risks controlled and verified, and again after every change in the field.

Shift

Software as a medical device

Standalone software and apps are regulated as devices, with IEC 62304 covering the whole software life cycle.

Shift

Connected devices

Devices connect to hospital networks and the cloud, so IEC 81001-5-1 security activities join the software life cycle.

Shift

FDA QMSR

Since 2 February 2026 the FDA quality management system regulation builds on ISO 13485, bringing US and EU design controls closer.

Shift

EU MDR and IVDR

Devices move to MDR and IVDR certificates, with deeper review of technical documentation by notified bodies.

Engineering challenges

What this means for software and systems engineering

Design controls across the life cycle

Design inputs, outputs, verification and validation need evidence for every design review, not only before submission.

Risk management linked to design

ISO 14971 risk controls have to be traced to requirements and verified, and stay linked after every change.

Software safety classes

The IEC 62304 class A, B or C of each software system decides which activities and documents it needs.

Electronic records and signatures

21 CFR Part 11 requires audit trails, controlled access and electronic signatures that stay linked to the record they approve.

Suppliers and SOUP

Software of unknown provenance and supplier components need their own requirements, risk analysis and version records.

Post-market change

Every complaint, CAPA and software update needs an impact analysis against the same design history.

What notified bodies expect

Where medical device teams lose time before an audit

The risk file is a spreadsheet. Risk control measures are copied into the requirements document by hand and drift apart.

Before each audit, trace matrices and test reports are exported and collected into folders.

Design records live in the tools, but approvals happen by email or on paper, so the record and its signature are not linked.

RiskAuditors find risk controls with no verified requirement behind them.
With Smarter ProcessHazards, risk controls and requirements are linked in IBM Engineering Requirements Management DOORS Next, with a view of every control that is not yet verified.

Compliance map

IEC 62304, ISO 14971 and ISO 13485, mapped to the toolchain

Pick a standard to see what it asks for, and where it lives in your toolchain once we have set it up.

IEC 62304 · 5.2 Software requirements analysis
What it asks forSoftware requirements derived from system requirements, including risk control measures implemented in software
How we cover itSoftware requirement modules linked to system requirements and risk controls; safety class as an attribute
IBM Engineering Requirements Management DOORS Next
IEC 62304 · 5.7 Software system testing
What it asks forTests for every software requirement, with results, anomalies and retests recorded
How we cover itTest cases and results traced to each requirement; anomalies linked as defects to the items they affect
IBM Engineering Test ManagementIBM Engineering Workflow Management
IEC 62304 · 8 Software configuration management
What it asks forConfiguration items identified, changes controlled and the configuration of each release recorded
How we cover itGlobal configurations and baselines per release; change requests linked to the items they change
IBM Engineering Lifecycle Management Global Configuration ManagementIBM Engineering Workflow Management
Book a 30-min compliance gap review

Compliance is achieved by your organization and confirmed by your notified body or the FDA. Tools hold the evidence; we set them up so the evidence is complete and easy to show.

Capabilities

What your team can do on day one

Baselines for every design review

Freeze a configuration for each design review and release, and compare it with the next one item by item. Auditors see exactly what changed, why and who approved it.

  • IBM Engineering Lifecycle Management Global Configuration Management

The risk file in the same chain

Hazards, hazardous situations and risk controls live next to design inputs and flow down to software requirements and tests.

  • IBM Engineering Requirements Management DOORS Next

Trace matrices that stay current

The trace matrix is a live view, not an export. Gaps and suspect links show up the day they appear, not at the audit.

  • IBM Engineering Requirements Management DOORS Next

Reviews with electronic signatures

Design reviews and test approvals carry electronic signatures and an audit trail, linked to the exact version reviewed.

  • IBM Engineering Requirements Management DOORS Next
  • IBM Engineering Test Management

Exchange with suppliers

Requirements for suppliers go out and come back through Requirements Interchange Format (ReqIF), compared with the previous delivery.

  • IBM Engineering Requirements Management DOORS Next

Design history from live data

Trace matrices, verification summaries and technical documentation are generated from the tools, in your own document templates.

  • IBM Engineering Lifecycle Optimization – Publishing
  • IBM Engineering Test Management

See every product we implement and support

IBM Engineering Lifecycle Management, HCL and GitLab: licences, set-up, training and support from one team.

All products →
IBM Engineering Requirements Management DOORS Next: two configurations compared item by item
Device verification lab
How we work

We start from your quality system, not from the tool

Your design control and risk management procedures become artifact types, link rules and review workflows in IBM Engineering Lifecycle Management. The documents your auditors already know are then generated from the tools, and we support your validation of the configuration.

Proceduresmapped to types, links and workflows
Risklinked to requirements and verification
Validationsupport for your computer system validation

FAQ

Questions medical device teams ask us

Do we have to validate IBM Engineering Requirements Management DOORS Next and IBM Engineering Test Management?

Yes, as software used in your quality management system, and in proportion to the risk of each use. ISO 13485 asks for validation of such software before first use and after changes. We list the intended uses, assess the risk of each one, and prepare the configuration specification and test scripts for the uses that matter, such as electronic signatures, audit trails and trace reports. Your quality team approves the validation, and we keep it current with each upgrade.

How do we exchange requirements with suppliers and development partners?

Through ReqIF, agreed per partner. We set up an exchange definition for each supplier: which modules and attributes go out, which come back and who may edit them. Their answers are imported next to the previous delivery, so you see what changed before you accept it. SOUP and purchased components get their own requirements and version records, linked to the risk analysis, so a supplier change shows which risk controls to check again.

We have several models and markets of the same device. How do we avoid a separate design history for each?

With configurations instead of copies. Common requirements, risk controls and tests are kept once, and each model or market is a configuration that adds its own items. IBM Engineering Lifecycle Management Global Configuration Management records which version of each item a release uses, so the design history file for any model can be generated from its own baseline. A change to a common item shows every model it affects, with one impact analysis instead of several.

Our design history is in IBM Engineering Requirements Management DOORS (9.x). How do we move without breaking it?

Product by product, not all at once. Released products often stay on IBM Engineering Requirements Management DOORS (9.x) until their next design change, while new products start in IBM Engineering Requirements Management DOORS Next. When a product moves, modules, attributes and links move with their original IDs, and released baselines are kept, so earlier submissions stay reproducible. The migration is treated as a validated change, with a record of what moved. DXL scripts are inventoried first and most are replaced by configuration or views.

Our software developers use Atlassian Jira and GitLab. Can that stay?

Yes. Design inputs, risk controls and verification stay in IBM Engineering Lifecycle Management, where your design history needs them. Development work stays in Atlassian Jira and code in GitLab. We link work items and merge requests to the software requirements they implement, through OSLC-based integrations or a synchronization we configure for your process. The trace from risk control to code is then complete, and the integration itself is covered in your software validation.

How do IEC 81001-5-1 security activities fit next to ISO 14971 risk management?

In the same project, with separate artifact types and link rules. Threats, security risks and security requirements link to the same device functions, software requirements and tests as hazards and risk controls. Where a security risk can lead to harm, the link to the hazard is explicit. One change then triggers both safety and security impact analysis, and the software bill of materials and security test evidence come from the same baseline as the rest of the submission.

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