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Two engineers seen from behind with laptops at the open equipment cabinet of a train in a rail depot
Railway Hazard to safety case
One trace for the safety case · hazard to test, one record

Home · Solutions · Railway

Solutions · Railway

Railway systems with SIL‑ready traceability

EN 50126, EN 50716 and EN 50129 evidence from one connected IBM Engineering Lifecycle Management toolchain, set up by consultants who work with railway engineering teams.

The railway sector

Trains and signalling are defined in software

The sector covers rolling stock manufacturers, signalling and train control suppliers, infrastructure managers and operators, and the suppliers of subsystems, electronics and software behind them. Projects run for years, assets stay in service for decades, and every safety-related system is reviewed by an independent safety assessor before a national safety authority approves it.

More and more of what a train or an interlocking does is defined in software. Every safety function has to be shown to meet its safety integrity level before it goes into service, and again after every change.

Shift

Digital signalling

ERTMS/ETCS and CBTC move train protection from trackside equipment into software on board and in control centres.

Shift

Automated train operation

Higher grades of automation add new safety functions and new evidence for supervised and driverless operation.

Shift

Cybersecurity for rail

CLC/TS 50701 brings security zones, threat analysis and security requirements into the same life cycle as safety.

Shift

One software standard

EN 50716:2023 replaces EN 50128 and EN 50657, so signalling and rolling stock software follow the same requirements.

Engineering challenges

What this means for software and systems engineering

SIL evidence across the life cycle

EN 50126 phases and EN 50716 software requirements need evidence at every phase gate, not only before the safety case is submitted.

Hazards linked to requirements

Every hazard in the hazard log needs safety requirements, a SIL and verification, and the links have to survive every change.

Operators, contractors and suppliers

Operator specifications flow to the main contractor and on to subsystem suppliers, each with its own tools and formats.

Security of rail systems

CLC/TS 50701 asks for zones and conduits, a security risk assessment and security requirements traced to the system design.

Decades in service

Rolling stock and signalling stay in service for decades. Every modification, obsolescence fix and upgrade needs the same trace as the original design.

Generic and specific applications

EN 50129 separates generic products, generic applications and specific applications. Each line or project reuses the generic evidence and adds its own.

What assessors expect

Where railway teams lose time before an assessment

The hazard log lives in a spreadsheet and the safety requirements in a document. After each change someone checks the links by hand.

Before each issue of the safety case, test reports are gathered from test tools, spreadsheets and email.

Each specific application starts as a copy of the generic application, and the copies drift apart.

RiskThe independent safety assessor finds hazards without a verified safety requirement.
With Smarter ProcessHazards, safety requirements and their SIL are linked in IBM Engineering Requirements Management DOORS Next, with a view of every hazard that is still open.

Compliance map

EN 50126, EN 50716 and EN 50129, mapped to the toolchain

Pick a standard to see what it asks for, and where it lives in your toolchain once we have set it up.

EN 50126-1 · System life cycle
What it asks forA defined life cycle with outputs, verification and validation for every phase
How we cover itArtifact types for each phase output; review and approval records per phase gate
IBM Engineering Requirements Management DOORS NextIBM Engineering Workflow Management
EN 50126-2 · Hazard log and safety requirements
What it asks forHazards identified and evaluated, with safety requirements and SIL allocated and tracked to closure
How we cover itHazard log module with risk and SIL attributes, linked to safety requirements and their verification
IBM Engineering Requirements Management DOORS Next
Book a 30-min compliance gap review

Compliance is achieved by your organization and confirmed by the independent safety assessor and the safety authority. Tools hold the evidence; we set them up so the evidence is complete and easy to show.

Capabilities

What your team can do on day one

Generic and specific applications as configurations

Keep the generic application as one stream and each specific application as its own configuration. Changes move between them item by item, and every safety case points to a frozen baseline.

  • IBM Engineering Lifecycle Management Global Configuration Management

A hazard log that stays current

The hazard log is a module with risk and SIL attributes. Open hazards and missing links show up in a view the day they appear, not at the assessment.

  • IBM Engineering Requirements Management DOORS Next

Verification traced to the SIL

Test cases and results link to the requirements they verify, with coverage per SIL in each baseline.

  • IBM Engineering Test Management
  • HCL DevOps Test

System architecture linked to requirements

SysML models of the train or signalling system link to requirements, so a design change shows what to verify again.

  • IBM Engineering Systems Design Rhapsody

Exchange with operators and suppliers

Specifications go out and come back through Requirements Interchange Format (ReqIF), compared with the previous delivery.

  • IBM Engineering Requirements Management DOORS Next

Safety case documents from live data

Verification reports, trace matrices and safety case sections are generated from the tools, in your own document templates.

  • IBM Engineering Lifecycle Optimization – Publishing
  • IBM Engineering Test Management

See every product we implement and support

IBM Engineering Lifecycle Management, HCL and GitLab: licences, set-up, training and support from one team.

All products →
IBM Engineering Requirements Management DOORS Next: two configurations compared item by item
Rail depot, train equipment bay
Customer references

Engineering teams in rail transport

We work with engineering teams at Caltrain and voestalpine on requirements management in IBM Engineering Lifecycle Management.

Hazardslinked to safety requirements and tests
Tracefrom operator requirement to test
Baselinesfor every issue of the safety case
Caltrainvoestalpine

FAQ

Questions railway teams ask us

How are IBM Engineering Requirements Management DOORS Next and IBM Engineering Test Management classified as support tools under EN 50716?

It depends on how you use them. EN 50716 puts support tools into classes T1, T2 or T3 by how their output can affect the software. Requirements and test management tools do not generate executable code, so they are not T3. Uses where you rely on a tool output for verification, such as trace or coverage reports, are usually treated as T2. We list each use, agree the class with your assessor and prepare the justification and evidence that class requires.

How do we exchange specifications with operators, main contractors and suppliers?

Through ReqIF, agreed per partner. We set up an exchange definition for each partner: which modules and attributes go out, which come back and who may edit them. Their answers are imported next to the previous delivery, so you see what changed before you accept it. Status and comments from suppliers stay on the same requirements and links, and nothing is copied into a separate document. Where a partner only works in documents, we generate them from the same data.

How do we manage generic and specific applications without copying the specification for every line?

With configurations instead of copies. The generic application is one stream with its own baselines and safety evidence. Each specific application is a configuration that reuses the generic items and adds its own data and parameters. When the generic application changes, IBM Engineering Lifecycle Management Global Configuration Management shows which projects use the old version, and each project takes the change on purpose, with a record for its own safety case.

Our projects are on IBM Engineering Requirements Management DOORS (9.x). How do we move without losing the baselines in our safety cases?

Project by project, not all at once. Projects close to an assessment often stay on IBM Engineering Requirements Management DOORS (9.x) until their next baseline, while new projects start in IBM Engineering Requirements Management DOORS Next. When a project moves, modules, attributes and links move with their original IDs, and each baseline cited in a safety case is kept, so earlier evidence stays reproducible. DXL scripts are inventoried first and most are replaced by configuration or views.

Our software teams use Atlassian Jira and GitLab. Do they have to move to other tools?

No. Safety requirements, hazards and verification stay in IBM Engineering Lifecycle Management, where the assessor needs them. Development work stays in Atlassian Jira and code in GitLab. We link work items and merge requests to the requirements they implement, through OSLC-based integrations or a synchronization we configure for your process. The trace from hazard to code is then complete, and developers keep working in the tools they already use.

How does CLC/TS 50701 cybersecurity work alongside the EN 50126 hazard log?

In the same project, with separate artifact types and link rules. Zones, conduits, threats and security requirements link to the same system functions, subsystem requirements and tests as hazards and safety requirements. One change then triggers both safety and security impact analysis. Where a security measure affects a safety function, the link is explicit, so the assessor sees both sides of the decision in one place.

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